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The cumulants of baryon multiplicity distribution in relativistic heavy-ioncollisions (HICs) have attracted considerable attention recently. It has beenconjectured that they may serve as a promising observable to detect thecritical end point in the QCD phase diagram, while the cumulants in HICs atintermediate energies have not been widely studied to date. How to interpretthe cumulants data at intermediate energies and compare with the data atrelativistic energies is now being actively discussed. Both meam-fieldpotential and clustering are highly important to HICs at intermediate energies.In this talk, we discuss these effects on the cumulant ratios of baryon numberdistributions in Au+Au collisions at beam energies of 1.23 GeV$/$nucleon whichhave been currently performed by the HADES Collaboration at GSI. Within thenewest version of the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD)model, calculations with different mean field potentials as well as withoutmean field potential are performed. It is found that the mean field potentialenhances fluctuations in the momentum space during the expanding stage,especially in a small rapidity acceptance window. The enhancement of cumulantratios for free protons is suppressed compared with that for all baryons.

Mean-field potential effects in the cumulants of baryons from central Au+Au collision at $E_{lab}$= 1.23 GeV$/$nucleon