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Superconducting detectors are a modern technology applied in various fields.The microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) is one of cutting-edgesuperconducting detector. It is based on the principle of a superconductingresonator circuit. A radiation entering the MKID breaks the Cooper pairs in thesuperconducting resonator, and the intensity of the radiation is detected as avariation of the resonant condition. Therefore, calibration of the detectorresponsivity, i.e., the variation of the resonant phase with respect to thenumber of Cooper-pair breaks (quasiparticles), is important. We propose amethod for responsivity calibration. Microwaves used for the detector readoutlocally raise the temperature in each resonator, which increases the number ofquasiparticles. Since the magnitude of the temperature rise depends on thepower of readout microwaves, the number of quasiparticles also depends on thepower of microwaves. By changing the power of the readout microwaves, wesimultaneously measure the phase difference and lifetime of quasiparticles. Wecalculate the number of quasiparticles from the measured lifetime and by usinga theoretical formula. This measurement yields a relation between the phaseresponse as a function of the number of quasiparticles. We demonstrate thisresponsivity calibration using the MKID maintained at 285mK. We also confirmconsistency between the results obtained using this method and conventionalcalibration methods in terms of the accuracy.

A measurement method for responsivity of microwave kinetic inductance detector by changing power of readout microwaves