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We report the comprehensive experimental results identifying the magneticspin ordering and the magnetization dynamics of a double perovskite Pr2CoFeO6by employing the (dc and ac) magnetization, powder neutron diffraction (NPD)and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) techniques. X-ray diffraction andneutron diffraction studies revealed that Pr2CoFeO6 adopts a B-site disorderedorthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. Additionally, ab initio bandstructure calculations performed on this system suggested an insulatinganti-ferromagnetic (Fe-Fe) ground state. Magnetometry study showed the systemto possess a spectrum of interesting magnetic phases including long rangeantiferromagnetic (canted) spin ordering (TN ~269 K), Griffiths phase,re-entrant cluster glass (RCG) (TG~ 34 K) and exchange bias. However, the NPDstudy divulged the exhibition of a long range G-type (below TN ~269 K) of spinordering by Fe spins. Spin dynamics study by ac susceptibility techniqueconfirmed the system possessing long range ordering at highertemperatureundergoes a RCG transition at ~34 K. Existence of Griffiths phasewas confirmed by non-analytic field variation of magnetization and Heisenbergtype temporal spin relaxation above long range ordering temperature TN ~269 K.The anti-site disorder related to the B-sites (Co/Fe) is found to be the maindriving force forthe observed multiple magnetic phases. Furthermore, theelectronic structure probed by the X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) studysuggested a nominal valance state of +3 for both of the B-site ions (Co/Fe)which in turn triggered the anti-site disorder in the system. Magnetic, XRD,NPD and XAS analysis yielded a low spin state (LS) for the Co3+ ions. Therandom non-magnetic dilution of magnetic Fe3+ (HS) ions by Co3+ (LS) ionsessentially played a crucial role in manifesting the magnetic properties of thesystem.

applied physics letters

B-site spin-state and anti-site disorder driven multiple-magnetic  phases: Griffiths phase, re-entrant cluster glass and exchange bias in double  perovskite Pr$_2$CoFeO$_6$