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We investigate the effect of surface acoustic waves on the atomic-likeoptical emission from defect centers in hexagonal boron nitride layersdeposited on the surface of a LiNbO$_3$ substrate. The dynamic strain field ofthe surface acoustic waves modulates the emission lines resulting in intensityvariations as large as 50% and oscillations of the emission energy with anamplitude of almost 1 meV. From a systematic study of the dependence of themodulation on the acoustic wave power, we determine a hydrostatic deformationpotential for defect centers in this two-dimensional material of about 40meV/%. Furthermore, we show that the dynamic piezoelectric field of theacoustic wave could contribute to the stabilization of the optical propertiesof these centers. Our results show that surface acoustic waves are a powerfultool to modulate and control the electronic states of two-dimensionalmaterials.

Acoustically modulated optical emission of hexagonal boron nitride layers