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The analysis of surrounding media has been a long-standing challenge ofoptical fiber sensors. Measurements are difficult due to the confinement oflight to the inner core of standard fibers. Over the last two years, new sensorconcepts have enabled the analysis of liquids outside the cladding boundary,where light does not reach. Sensing is based on opto-mechanical, forwardstimulated Brillouin scattering interactions between guided light and soundwaves. In most previous works, however, the protective polymer coating of thefiber had to be removed first. In this work, we report the opto-mechanicalanalysis of liquids outside commercially available, standard single-mode fiberswith polyimide coating. The polyimide layer provides mechanical protection butcan also transmit acoustic waves from the fiber cladding towards outside media.Comprehensive analysis of opto-mechanical coupling in coated fibers that areimmersed in liquid is provided. The model shows that forward stimulatedBrillouin scattering spectra in coated fibers are more complex than those ofbare fibers, and strongly depend on the exact coating diameter and the choiceof acoustic mode. Nevertheless, sensing outside coated fibers is demonstratedexperimentally. Integrated measurements over 100 meters of fiber clearlydistinguish between air, ethanol and water outside polyimide coating. Measuredspectra are in close quantitative agreement with the analytic predictions.Further, distributed opto-mechanical time-domain reflectometry mapping of waterand ethanol outside coated fiber is reported, with a spatial resolution of 100meters. The results represent a large step towards practical opto-mechanicalfiber sensors.

Distributed opto-mechanical analysis of liquids outside standard fibers coated with polyimide