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Within the well-established optical response function formalism, a newstrategy with the central idea of employing the forward-backward stochasticSchr\"{o}dinger equations in a segmented way to accurately obtain thetwo-dimensional (2D) electronic spectrum is presented in this paper. Based onthe simple excitonically coupled dimer model system, the validity andefficiency of the proposed schemes are demonstrated in detail, along with thecomparison against the deterministic hierarchy equations of motion andperturbative second order time-convolutionless quantum master equations. Inaddition, an important insight is provided in this paper that thecharacteristic frequency of the overdamped environment is an extremely crucialfactor to regulate the lifetimes of the oscillating signals in 2D electronicspectra and of quantum coherence features of system dynamics. It is worthnoting that the proposed scheme benefiting from its stochastic nature andwavefunction framework and many other advantages of substantially reducing thenumerical cost, has a great potential to systematically investigate variousquantum effects observed in realistic large-scale natural and artificialphotosynthetic systems.

Calculations of coherent two-dimensional electronic spectra using forward and backward stochastic wavefunctions