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Using a CO$_2$ laser to directly heat the crystals from the back side,SrTiO$_3$ substrates may be thermally prepared in situ for epitaxy without theneed for ex-situ etching and annealing. We find that the formation of largeterraces with straight steps at 900-1100 {\deg}C is independent from theformation of the ideal surface reconstruction for epitaxy, which requirestemperatures in excess of 1200 {\deg}C to complete. The process may beuniversal, at least for perovskite oxide surfaces, as it also works, atdifferent temperatures, for LaAlO$_3$ and NdGaO$_3$, two other widely usedoxide substrate materials.

Independence of surface morphology and reconstruction during the thermal preparation of perovskite oxide surfaces