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Motivated by studies suggesting that the patterns exhibited by thecollectively expanding fronts of thin cells during the closing of a wound [Market al., Biophys. J., 98:361-370, 2010] and the shapes of single cells crawlingon surfaces [Callan-Jones et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 100:258106, 2008] are dueto fingering instabilities, we investigate the stability of actively driveninterfaces under Hele-Shaw confinement. An initially radial interface between apair of viscous fluids is driven by active agents. Surface tension and bendingrigidity resist deformation of the interface. A point source at the origin anda distributed source are also included to model the effects of injection orsuction, and growth or depletion, respectively. Linear stability analysisreveals that for any given initial radius of the interface, there are two keydimensionless driving rates that determine interfacial stability. We discussstability regimes in a state space of these parameters and their implicationsfor biological systems. An interesting finding is that an actively mobileinterface is susceptible to fingering instability irrespective of viscositycontrast.

Linear stability of an active fluid interface