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We have investigated the effect of sheared equilibrium flows on the $m = 1, n= 1$ resistive internal kink mode in the framework of a reducedmagnetohydrodynamic model in a periodic cylindrical geometry. Our numericalstudies show that there is a significant change of the scaling dependence ofthe mode growth rate on the Lundquist number in the presence of axial flowscompared to the no flow case. Poloidal flows do not influence the scaling. Wehave further found that viscosity strongly modifies the effect of flows on the(1,1) mode both in the linear and nonlinear regime. Axial flows increase thelinear growth rate for low viscosity values, but they decrease the lineargrowth rate for higher viscosity values. In the case of poloidal flows thelinear growth rate decreases in all cases. Additionally at higher viscosity, wehave found strong symmetry breaking in the behaviour of linear growth rates andin the nonlinear saturation levels of the modes as a function of the helicitiesof the flows. For axial, poloidal and most helical flow cases, there is flowinduced stabilisation of the nonlinear saturation level in the high viscosityregime and destabilisation in the low viscosity regime.

Visco-resistive MHD study of internal kink(m=1) modes