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The (001) surface of SrTiO3 were transformed from insulating to conductingafter Ar+ irradiation, producing a quasi two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG).This conducting surface layer can introduce Rashba spin orbital coupling due tothe broken inversion symmetry normal to the plane. The spin splitting of such asurface has recently been demonstrated by magneto-resistance and angularresolved photoemission spectra measurements. Here we present experimentsevidencing a large spin-charge conversion at the surface. We use spin pumpingto inject a spin current from NiFe film into the surface, and measure theresulting charge current. The results indicate that the Rashba effect at thesurface can be used for efficient charge-spin conversion, and the largeefficiency is due to the multi-d-orbitals and surface corrugation. It holdsgreat promise in oxide spintronics.

Spin galvanic effect at the conducting SrTiO3 surfaces