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Irradiation of a sharp tungsten tip by a femtosecond laser and exposed to astrong DC electric field led to gradual and reproducible surface modifications.By a combination of field emission microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,we observed asymmetric surface faceting with sub-ten nanometer high steps. Thepresence of well pronounced faceted features mainly on the laser-exposed sideimplies that the surface modification was driven by a laser-induced transienttemperature rise -- on a scale of a couple of picoseconds -- in the tungstentip apex. Moreover, we identified the formation of a nano-tip a few nanometershigh located at one of the corners of a faceted plateau. The results ofsimulations emulating the experimental conditions, are consistent with theexperimental observations. The presented conditions can be used as a new methodto fabricate nano-tips of few nm height, which can be used in coherent electronpulses generation. Besides the direct practical application, the results alsoprovide insight into the microscopic mechanisms of light-matter interaction.The apparent growth mechanism of the features may also help to explain theorigin of enhanced electron field emission, which leads to vacuum arcs, in highelectric-field devices such as radio-frequency particle accelerators.

Laser-induced asymmetric faceting and growth of nano-protrusion on a tungsten tip