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This theoretical study investigates the nonlinear ionic current-voltagecharacteristics of nano-channels that have weakly overlapping electrical doublelayers. Numerical simulations as well as a 1-D mathematical model are developedto reveal that the electro-osmotic flow (EOF) interplays with theconcentration-polarization process and depletes the ion concentration insidethe channels, thus significantly suppressing the channel conductance. Theconductance may be restored at high electrical biases in the presence ofrecirculating vortices within the channels. As a result of the EOF-driven iondepletion, a limiting-conductance behavior is identified, which isintrinsically different from the classical limiting-current behavior.

Suppression of nano-channel ion conductance by electro-osmotic flow in nano-channels with weakly overlapping electrical double layers