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In the framework of a continuum theory, it is shown that the directflexoelectric response of a finite sample essentially depends on the surfacepolarization energy, even in the thermodynamic limit where the body size tendsto infinity. It is found that a modification of the surface energy can lead toa change of the polarization response by a factor of two. The origin of theeffect is an electric field produced by surface dipoles induced by the straingradient. The unexpected sensitivity of the polarization response to thesurface energy in the thermodynamic limit is conditioned by the fact that themoments of the surface dipoles may scale as the body size.

Impact of surface phenomena on direct bulk flexoelectric effect in finite samples