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We propose an original analog method to perform instantaneous andquantitative spectral analysis of microwave signals. An ensemble ofnitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers held in a diamond plate is pumped by a 532 nmlaser. Its photoluminescence is imaged through an optical microscope andmonitored by a digital camera. The microwave signal is converted to anoscillating magnetic field in the area of the NV centers by a loop shapedantenna. Induced magnetic resonances are detected through a decrease of the NVcenters photoluminescence. A magnetic field gradient induces a Zeeman shift ofthe resonances and transforms the frequency information into spatialinformation, which allows for the simultaneous analysis of the microwave signalin the entire frequency bandwidth of the device. The time dependent spectralanalysis of an amplitude modulated microwave signal is demonstrated over abandwidth of 600 MHz, associated to a frequency resolution of 7 MHz and arefresh rate of 4 ms. With such integration time, a field of a few hundreds of{\mu}W can be detected. Since the optical properties of NV centers can bemaintained even in high magnetic field, we estimate that an optimized devicecould allow frequency analysis in a range of 30 GHz, only limited by theamplitude of the magnetic field gradient. In addition, an increase of the NVcenters quantity could lead both to an increase of the microwave sensitivityand to a decrease of the minimum refresh rate down to a few {\mu}s.

Wide bandwidth instantaneous RF spectrum analyzer based on nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond