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We present a novel experimental design for high sensitivity measurements ofthe electrical resistance of samples at high pressures (0-6GPa) and hightemperatures (300-1000K) in a 'Paris-Edinburgh' type large volume press.Uniquely, the electrical measurements are carried out directly on a smallsample, thus greatly increasing the sensitivity of the measurement. Thesensitivity to even minor changes in electrical resistance can be used toclearly identify phase transitions in material samples. Electrical resistancemeasurements are relatively simple and rapid to execute and the efficacy of thepresent experimental design is demonstrated by measuring the electricalresistance of Pb, Sn and Bi across a wide domain of temperature-pressure phasespace and employing it to identify the loci of phase transitions. Based onthese results, the phase diagrams of these elements are reconstructed to highaccuracy and found to be in excellent agreement with previous studies. Inparticular, by mapping the locations of several well-studied reference pointsin the phase diagram of Sn and Bi, it is demonstrated that a standardcalibration exists for the temperature and pressure, thus eliminating the needfor direct or indirect temperature and pressure measurements. The presenttechnique will allow simple and accurate mapping of phase diagrams underextreme conditions and may be of particular importance in advancing studies ofliquid state anomalies.

Novel experimental design for high pressure - high temperature electrical resistance measurements in a 'Paris-Edinburgh' large volume press