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Very simple organisms, such as the single-celled amoeboid slime mould Physarumpolycephalum possess no neural tissue yet, despite this, are known to exhibit complex biological and computational behaviour. Given such limited resources, can environmental stimuli play a role in generating the complexity of slime mould’s behaviour? We use a multi-agent collective model of slime mould to explore a two-way mechanism where the collective’s behaviour is influenced by simulated chemical concentration gradient fields and, in turn, this behaviour alters the spatial pattern of the concentration gradients. This simple mechanism yields complex behaviour amid the dynamically changing gradient profiles and suggests how the apparently ‘intelligent’ response of the slime mould could possibly be due to outsourcing of computation to the environment.

Exploiting environmental computation in a multi-agent model of slime mould