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We fabricate and experimentally characterize a $H0$ photonic crystal slabnanocavity with a design optimized for maximal quality factor, $Q = 1.7$million. The cavity, fabricated from a silicon slab, has a resonant mode at$\lambda = 1.59 \mathrm{\mu m}$ and a measured $Q$-factor of $400,000$. Itdisplays nonlinear effects, including high-contrast optical bistability, at athreshold power among the lowest ever reported for a silicon device. With atheoretical modal volume as small as $V = 0.34(\lambda/n)^3$, this cavity ranksamong those with the highest $Q/V$ ratios ever demonstrated, while having asmall footprint suited for integration in photonic circuits.

High-Q silicon photonic crystal cavity for enhanced optical nonlinearities