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We report the observation of electric polarization in the magneticallyordered state of the Haldane chain compound, Gd$_2$BaNiO$_5$, with stronglycorrelated magnetic and dielectric properties. The results of dc magneticsusceptibility and heat capacity measurements indicate two magnetictransitions,one corresponding to the anti-ferromagnetic order at T$_N$ around55 K and the other to spin-reorientation transition at T$_{SR}$ around 24 K.The dielectric permittivity ($\epsilon'$) and loss (tan$\delta$) also exhibitanomalies in the vicinity of T$_{SR}$ and T$_N$ respectively. Below thespin-reorientation transition, concurrently magnetic-field-induced spin-flopand the meta-electric transitions are observed at a critical magnetic field inisothermal magnetization and magneto-dielectric results respectively. Anotherinteresting finding is that the change in dielectric constant changes its signat the critical magnetic field. The origin of the observed magneto-electriceffect is discussed on the basis of spin-phonon coupling.

Multiferroicity and magneto-electric effect in Gd$_2$BaNiO$_5$