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We experimentally study how neighboring particles affect the incipient motion of particles on regular substrates and exposed to a laminar shear flow. To this end, we determine the critical Shields number and determine whether the particle rolls or slides. The substrates consist of a monolayer of fixed spheres of uniform size that are regularly arranged in triangular and quadratic configurations. Neighboring particles influence the incipient motion by shielding to the shear flow and may inhibit continuous motion once they are in direct contact with the particle. At the low particle Reynolds numbers studied, neighboring spheres on the monolayer only affect the incipient particle motion if they are closer than about 3 particle diameters. Direct contact inhibits continuous motion and results in a strong increase of the critical Shields number. For identical beads, we found two different regimes for the onset of continuous motion. Depending on the substrate geometry, the upstream particle may start to roll lik...

How do neighbors affect incipient particle motion in laminar shear flow?