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For two-dimensional many-particle systems first-order, second-order, singlestep continuous, as well as two-step continuous (KTHNY-like) meltingtransitions have been found in previous studies. Recent computer simulations,using particle numbers in the $\geq 10^5$ range, as well as a few experimentalstudies, tend to support the two-step scenario, where the solid and liquidphases are separated by a third, so called hexatic phase. We have performedmolecular dynamics simulations on Yukawa (Debye-H\"uckel) systems at conditionsearlier predicted to belong to the hexatic phase. Our simulation studies on thetime needed for the equilibration of the systems conclude that the hexaticphase is metastable and disappears in the limit of long times. We also showthat simply increasing the particle number in particle simulations does notnecessarily result in more accurate conclusions regarding the existence of thehexatic phase. The increase of the system size has to be accompanied with theincrease of the simulation time to ensure properly thermalized conditions.

On the metastability of the hexatic phase during the melting of two-dimensional charged particle solids