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The primary impediment to continued downscaling of traditional charge-basedelectronic devices in accordance with Moore's law is the excessive energydissipation that takes place in the device during switching of bits. One verypromising solution is to utilize multiferroic heterostructures, comprised of asingle-domain magnetostrictive nanomagnet strain-coupled to a piezoelectriclayer, in which the magnetization can be switched between its two stable stateswhile dissipating minuscule amount of energy. However, no efficient and viablemeans of computing is proposed so far. Here we show that such singlemultiferroic composites can act as universal logic gates for computingpurposes, which we demonstrate by solving the stochasticLandau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation of magnetization dynamics in thepresence of room-temperature thermal fluctuations. The proposed concept canoverwhelmingly simplify the design of large-scale circuits and portend a highlydense yet an ultra-low-energy computing paradigm for our future informationprocessing systems.

Ultra-low-energy non-volatile straintronic computing using single multiferroic composites