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We explored the relationship between phase transformation and magnetoelectric effect by depositing epitaxial CoFe2O4 films on ⟨110⟩ oriented Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) with three different PbTiO3 contents (PMN-28PT, PMN-29.5PT, and PMN-30PT). Electric-field controlled rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase transformation was confirmed by both piezoelectric and dielectric constant measurements. A giant in-plane (IP) uniaxial strain in CoFe2O4 film was induced due to dramatic lattice parameter change trigged by phase transition. Magnetic easy axis can be rotated from IP⟨110⟩ to IP⟨001⟩. More importantly, the phase transformation could be either reversible or irreversible, resulting in either volatile or nonvolatile magnetic easy axis rotations.

Volatile and nonvolatile magnetic easy-axis rotation in epitaxial ferromagnetic thin films on ferroelectric single crystal substrates