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We develop an efficient Ewald method of molecular dynamics simulation forcalculating the electrostatic interactions among charged and polar particlesbetween parallel metallic plates, where we may apply an electric field with anarbitrary size. We use the fact that the potential from the surface charges isequivalent to the sum of those from image charges and dipoles located outsidethe cell. We present simulation results on boundary effects of charged andpolar fluids, formation of ionic crystals, and formation of dipole chains,where the applied field and the image interaction are crucial. For polarfluids, we find a large deviation of the classical Lorentz-field relationbetween the local field and the applied field due to pair correlations alongthe applied field. As general aspects, we clarify the difference between thepotential-fixed and the charge-fixed boundary conditions and examine therelationship between the discrete particle description and the continuumelectrostatics.

Applying electric field to charged and polar particles between metallic plates: Extension of the Ewald method