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The process of coalescence of two identical liquid drops is simulatednumerically in the framework of two essentially different mathematical models,and the results are compared with experimental data on the very early stages ofthe coalescence process reported recently. The first model tested is the`conventional' one, where it is assumed that coalescence as the formation of asingle body of fluid occurs by an instant appearance of a liquid bridgesmoothly connecting the two drops, and the subsequent process is the evolutionof this single body of fluid driven by capillary forces. The second model underinvestigation considers coalescence as a process where a section of the freesurface becomes trapped between the bulk phases as the drops are pressedagainst each other, and it is the gradual disappearance of this `internalinterface' that leads to the formation of a single body of fluid and theconventional model taking over. Using the full numerical solution of theproblem in the framework of each of the two models, we show that the recentlyreported electrical measurements probing the very early stages of the processare better described by the interface formation/disappearance model. Newtheory-guided experiments are suggested that would help to further elucidatethe details of the coalescence phenomenon. As a by-product of our research, therange of validity of different `scaling laws' advanced as approximate solutionsto the problem formulated using the conventional model is established.

Coalescence of Liquid Drops: Different Models Versus Experiment