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Excitation of surface plasmons supported by doped graphene sheets atterahertz frequencies is investigated numerically. To alleviate the momentummismatch between the highly-confined plasmon modes and the incident radiation,it is proposed to increase the surface conductivity of graphene through highdoping levels or with few-layer graphene. For currently achievable dopinglevels, our analysis shows that surface plasmons on monolayer graphene may beexcited at operating frequencies up to about 10 THz (~ 41.3 meV) with ahigh-index coupling prism, and higher frequencies/energies are possible forfew-layer graphene. These highly-confined surface modes are promising forsensing and waveguiding applications in the terahertz regime.

Analysis of surface plasmon excitation at terahertz frequencies with highly-doped graphene sheets via attenuated total reflection