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Flat bands play an important role in the study of strongly correlatedphenomena, such as ferromagnetism, superconductivity, and fractional quantumHall effect. Here we report direct experimental evidence for the presence offlat bands, close to the Fermi level, in one-dimensional topological defects ongraphite seen as a pronounced peak in the tunnelling density of states. Our abinitio calculations indicate that the flat bands with vanishing Fermi velocityoriginate from sp2 dangling bonds (with antibonding nature) of undercoordinatedcarbon atoms at the edges of the defects. We further demonstrate that thepresence of flat bands could be a universal behavior of 1D defects ofgraphene/graphite with undercoordinated carbon atoms at the edges of thedefects.

Flat Bands near Fermi Level of Topological Line Defects on Graphite