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Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities made from niobium and cooledwith liquid helium are becoming key components of many particle accelerators.The helium vessels surrounding the RF cavities, portions of the niobiumcavities themselves, and also possibly the vacuum vessels containing theseassemblies, generally fall under the scope of local and national pressurevessel codes. In the U.S., Department of Energy rules require nationallaboratories to follow national consensus pressure vessel standards or to show"a level of safety greater than or equal to" that of the applicable standard.Thus, while used for its superconducting properties, niobium ends up beingtreated as a low-temperature pressure vessel material. Niobium material is nota code listed material and therefore requires the designer to understand themechanical properties for material used in each pressure vessel fabrication;compliance with pressure vessel codes therefore becomes a problem. This reportsummarizes the approaches that various institutions have taken in order tobring superconducting RF cryomodules into compliance with pressure vesselcodes.

A Survey of Pressure Vessel Code Compliance for Superconducting RF Cryomodules