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A full particle simulation study is carried out for studyingmicroinstabilities generated at the shock front of perpendicular collisionlessshocks. The structure and dynamics of shock waves are determined by Alfven Machnumber and plasma beta, while microinstabilities are controlled by the ratio ofthe upstream bulk velocity to the electron thermal velocity and theplasma-to-cyclotron frequency. Thus, growth rates of microinstabilities arechanged by the ion-to-electron mass ratio, even with the same Mach number andplasma beta. The present two-dimensional simulations show that the electroncyclotron drift instability is dominant for a lower mass ratio, andelectrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic waves are excited. For a higher massratio, the modified two-stream instability is dominant and obliqueelectromagnetic whistler waves are excited, which can affect the structure anddynamics of collisionless shocks by modifying shock magnetic fields.

Microinstabilities at perpendicular collisionless shocks: A comparison of full particle simulations with different ion to electron mass ratio