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A refined cascade model for kinetic turbulence in weakly collisionalastrophysical plasmas is presented that includes both the transition betweenweak and strong turbulence and the effect of nonlocal interactions on thenonlinear transfer of energy. The model describes the transition between weakand strong MHD turbulence and the complementary transition from strong kineticAlfven wave (KAW) turbulence to weak dissipating KAW turbulence, a new regimeof weak turbulence in which the effects of shearing by large scale motions andkinetic dissipation play an important role. The inclusion of the effect ofnonlocal motions on the nonlinear energy cascade rate in the dissipation range,specifically the shearing by large-scale motions, is proposed to explain thenearly power-law energy spectra observed in the dissipation range of bothkinetic numerical simulations and solar wind observations.

A Weakened Cascade Model for Turbulence in Astrophysical Plasmas