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We discuss the use of tunneling electron current to control and catalyzechemical reactions. Assuming the separation of time scales for electronic andnuclear dynamics we employ the Langevin equation for the reaction coordinate.The Langevin equation contains current-induced forces and is used to definenonequilibrium, effective potential energy surface for current-carryingmolecular systems. The current-induced forces are computed via Keldyshnonequilibrium Green's functions. Once the nonequilibrium, current-dependedpotential energy surface is defined, the chemical reaction is modeled as anescape of a Brownian particle from the potential well. We demonstrate that thebarrier between the reactant and the product states can be controlled by thebias voltage. When the molecule is asymmetrically coupled to the electrodes,the reaction can be catalyzed or stopped depending on the polarity of thetunneling current.

Kramers problem for nonequilibrium current-induced chemical reactions