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We experimentally demonstrate a 300 μm long silicon photonic crystal slot waveguide near-infrared absorption spectrometer. Based on Beer–Lambert absorption law, our on-chip absorption spectrometer combines slow light in a photonic crystal waveguide with a high electric field intensity in a low-index 75 nm wide slot, which effectively increases the optical absorption path length of the analyte. We demonstrate near-infrared absorption spectroscopy of xylene in water, with a polydimethyl siloxane sensing phase for xylene extraction from water. Xylene concentrations up to 100 ppb (parts per billion) (86 μg/l) in water were measured.

Photonic crystal slot waveguide absorption spectrometer for on-chip near-infrared spectroscopy of xylene in water