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Cu/Co/Cu trilayers have been deposited on nanoporous alumina membranes.Magnetic properties of the resulting Co antidot arrays are investigated usingSQUID magnetometry. Hysteresis loops of these arrays show two-stepmagnetization reversal. In addition, exchange bias is observed, whether thecooling field is applied within or perpendicular to the surface plane. In theformer case, the exchange bias changes sign close to the blocking temperature,and becomes positive. We attribute these effects to the local, crescent shapeof the Co films, induced by the surface morphology of the alumina membranes.This morphology leads to a three-dimensional magnetization distribution at thenanoscale.

3D magnetization profile and multi-axes exchange bias in Co antidot arrays