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Water is a persistent background in virtually all biosensors, yet is difficult toquantify. We apply an interferometric optical balance to measure water filmaccumulation from air onto several types of prepared silica surfaces. The opticalbalance uses in-line common-path interferometry with balanced quadratures to measurethe real-time accumulation of molecular films. The accumulated water thickness issensitive to ambient conditions, with thicknesses that vary from picometers up tonanometers, even on hydrophobic silanized surfaces. These results demonstrate thatwater adsorption contributes an excess signal in dry label-free protein microarrayoptical biosensors and presents a fundamental limit to assay sensitivity. (C) 2010American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3505320

Ambient molecular water accumulation on silica surfaces detected by a reflectance interference optical balance