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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can characterize and discriminate amongtissues using their diverse physical and biochemical properties. Unfortunately,submicrometer screening of biological specimens is presently not possible,mainly due to lack of detection sensitivity. Here we analyze the use of anitrogen-vacancy center in diamond as a magnetic sensor for nanoscale nuclearspin imaging and spectroscopy. We examine the ability of such a sensor to probethe fluctuations of the "classical" dipolar field due to a large number ofneighboring nuclear spins in a densely protonated sample. We identify detectionprotocols that appropriately take into account the quantum character of thesensor and find a signal-to-noise ratio compatible with realistic experimentalparameters. Through various example calculations we illustrate different kindsof image contrast. In particular, we show how to exploit the comparatively longnuclear spin correlation times to reconstruct a local, high-resolution samplespectrum.

Imaging mesoscopic nuclear spin noise with a diamond magnetometer