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We report measurements of conditional Eulerian and Lagrangian structurefunctions in order to assess the effects of non-universal properties of thelarge scales on the small scales in turbulence. We study a 1m $\times$ 1m$\times$ 1.5m flow between oscillating grids which produces $R_\lambda=285$while containing regions of nearly homogeneous and highly inhomogeneousturbulence. Large data sets of three-dimensional tracer particle velocitieshave been collected using stereoscopic high speed cameras with real-time imagecompression technology. Eulerian and Lagrangian structure functions aremeasured in both homogeneous and inhomogeneous regions of the flow. Wecondition the structure functions on the instantaneous large scale velocity oron the grid phase. At all scales, the structure functions depend strongly onthe large scale velocity, but are independent of the grid phase. We see clearsignatures of inhomogeneity near the oscillating grids, but even in thehomogeneous region in the center we see a surprisingly strong dependence on thelarge scale velocity that remains at all scales. Previous work has shown thatsimilar correlations extend to very high Reynolds numbers. Comprehensivemeasurements of these effects in a laboratory flow provide a powerful tool forassessing the effects of shear, inhomogeneity and intermittency of the largescales on the small scales in turbulence.

Effects of non-universal large scales on conditional structure functions in turbulence