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Several new experimental results are reported from plasma merging studies at the Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment (SSX) with relevance to collisionless three‐dimensional magnetic reconnection in laboratory and space plasmas. First, recent high‐resolution velocity measurements of impurity ions using ion Doppler spectroscopy (IDS) show bi‐directional outflow jets at 40 km/s (nearly the Alfven speed). The SSX IDS instrument measures with 1 μs or better time resolution the width and Doppler shift of the CIII impurity (H plasma) 229.7 nm line to determine the temperature and line‐averaged flow velocity during spheromak merging events. High flow speeds are corroborated using an in situ Mach probe. Second, ion heating to nearly 106 K is observed after reconnection events in a low‐density kinetic regime. Transient electron heating is inferred from bursts on a 4‐channel soft x‐ray array as well as vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy. Third, the out‐of‐plane magnetic field and the in‐plane Lorentz force in a reconnectio...

3D RECONNECTION AND FLOW DYNAMICS IN THE SSX EXPERIMENT