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Ricci scalar is the key ingredient of non-Newtonian theory of gravity, wherespace-time geometry has a crucial role. Normally, it is supposed to be ageometrical field, but interestingly it also behaves like a physical field.Thus it plays dual role in the arena of gravitation. This article is anoverview of the work related to dual roles of the Ricci scalar. A scalar is amathematical concept representing a spinless particle.Here, particle concept,manifesting the physical aspect of the Ricci scalar, is termed as riccion.It isa scalar particle with (mass)$^2$ inversely proportional to the gravitationalconstant. Many intereseting consequences of dual role of the Ricci scalar arediscussed here. It causes inflationary scenario in the early universe withouttaking another scalar like ``inflaton''. It is found that a riccion behaveslike an instanton also. This feature inspires``primordial inflation''.It isinteresting to see that a riccion, obtained from higher-dimensional space-time,decouples into fermion and anti-fermion pair, if parity is violated. One-looprenormalization of riccion indicates fractal geometry at highenergy.Homogeneous and inhomogeneous models of the early universe are derivedusing dual role of the Ricci scalar. Production of spinless and spin-1/2particles, due to riccion coupling, is discussed here. Contribution of riccionto the cosmic dark energy is obtained here through one-loop renormalization andit is shown that dark energy decays to dark matter during expansion of theuniverse. It inspires a new cosmological scenario consistent with observationalevidences.Comment: 118 pages, suggestions and comments welcom

Neutron-rich nuclei around N = 16 shell closure