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We report on picosecond UV-laser processing of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN)at moderately high pressures above 500 bar. The main effect is specific to theambient gas and laser pulse duration in the ablation regime: when samples areirradiated by 5 ps or 0.45 ps laser pulses in nitrogen gas environment,multiple nucleation of a new crystalline product - BN nanorods - takes place.This process is triggered on structural defects, which number density stronglydecreases upon recrystallization. Non-linear photon absorption by adsorbednitrogen molecules is suggested to mediate the nucleation-growth. High pressureis responsible for the confinement and strong backscattering of ablationproducts. A strong surface structuring also appears at longer 150-ps laserirradiation in similar experimental conditions. However, the transformedproduct in this case is amorphous strongly contaminated by boron suboxidesBxOy.

Picosecond laser structuration under high pressures: observation of boron nitride nanorods