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In this paper we discuss solid-state nanoelectronic realizations of Josephsonflux qubits with large tunneling amplitude between the two macroscopic states.The latter can be controlled via the height and wells form of the potentialbarrier, which is determined by quantum-state engineering of the flux qubitcircuit. The simplest circuit of the flux qubit is a superconducting loopinterrupted by a Josephson nanoscale tunnel junction. The tunneling amplitudebetween two macroscopically different states can be essentially increased, byengineering of the qubit circuit, if tunnel junction is replaced by a ScScontact. However, only Josephson tunnel junctions are particularly suitable forlarge-scale integration circuits and quantum detectors with preset-daytechnology. To overcome this difficulty we consider here the flux qubit withhigh-level energy separation between "ground" and "excited" states, whichconsists of a superconducting loop with two low-capacitance Josephson tunneljunctions in series. We demonstrate that for real parameters of resonantsuperposition between the two macroscopic states the tunneling amplitude canreach values greater than 1K. Analytical results for the tunneling amplitudeobtained within semiclassical approximation by instanton technique show goodcorrelation with a numerical solution.

The two Josephson junction flux qubit with large tunneling amplitude