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We report the synthesis and characterization of graphite (C) doped MgB2-xCx(x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) samples. The crystal structure and microstructuralcharacterization have been investigated by x-ray diffractometer andtransmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis. The superconductingproperties especially Jc and Hc2 have been measured by employing physicalproperty measurement system. We found that the graphite doping affects thelattice parameters as well as the microstructure of MgB2 superconductor. Incase of optimally doped (x=0.1) sample, the critical current density at 5Kcorresponds to 1.1 x 10^6 and 5.3 x 10^4 A/cm^2 for 3T and 5T fieldsrespectively. The upper critical field has been enhanced nearly two times afterdoping. The flux pinning behavior has been investigated by flux pinning forcedensity curve and it reveals that the flux pinning behaviour has improvedsignificantly by doping. TEM micrographs show the graphite nanoparticles ofsize ~5-10 nm which are invariably present in MgB2 grains. These nanoparticlesact as flux pinning centre and are responsible for enhancement ofsuperconducting properties of MgB2.

Enhancement of flux pinning and high critical current density in graphite doped MgB2 superconductor