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We derive an approach to define the causal direction of the wavevector ofmodes in optical metamaterials, which in turn, determines signs of refractiveindex and impedance as a function of {\it real and imaginary} parts ofdielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability. We use the developedtechnique to demonstrate that the interplay between resonant response ofconstituents of metamaterials can be used to achieve efficient dispersionmanagement. Finally we demonstrate broadband dispersion-less index andimpedance matching in active nanowire-based negative index materials. Our workopens new practical applications of negative index composites for broadbandlensing, imaging, and pulse-routing.

Active metamaterials: sign of refraction index and gain-assisted dispersion management