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The authors report the observation of numerous (>20) phonon replica peaks in the room temperature photoluminescence spectrum of ZnO nanowires embedded in 50nm diameter pores of an anodic alumina film. The peaks are spaced in energy by ∼54meV, which is the energy of a nonpolar phonon with symmetry E2 in ZnO. These peaks are possibly caused by resonant phonon-assisted decay of photoexcited electrons to an impurity band, followed by radiative recombination. These results suggest that even though ZnO is strongly polar, deformation potential coupling to a nonpolar phonon mode may be stronger than Frohlich coupling to polar phonon modes.

applied physics letters

Observation of numerous E2 mode phonon replicas in the room temperature photoluminescence spectra of ZnO nanowires: Evidence of strong deformation potential electron-phonon coupling