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Laser interferometry is an extensively used diagnostic for plasmaexperiments. Existing plasma interferometers are designed on the presumptionthat the scene and reference beam path lengths have to be equal, a requirementthat is costly in both the number of optical components and the alignmentcomplexity. It is shown here that having equal path lengths is not necessary -instead what is required is that the path length difference be an even multipleof the laser cavity length. This assertion has been verified in a heterodynelaser interferometer that measures typical line-average densities of $\sim10^{21}/\textrm{m}^2$ with an error of $\sim 10^{19}/\textrm{m}^2$.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77 (2006

Heterodyne interferometer with unequal path lengths