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We have investigated the interfacial electronic structure of La0.6Sr0.4MnO3(LSMO)/ SrTiO3 (STO)/ LSMO heterojunctions utilizing the elemental selectivityof photoemission spectroscopy. The Ti 2p core-level spectra clearly show Ti4+states and do not exhibit any indication of Ti3+ states in TiO2 layersirrespective of a different kind of adjacent atomic layer with differentchemical carrier concentration. This result indicates that the Ti ions in theTiO2 atomic layers preserve their tetravalent states even in the vicinity ofthe valence-mismatched interface between LSMO and STO, reflecting chemicalstability of the Ti4+ states.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Robust Ti4+ states in SrTiO3 layers of La0.6Sr0.4MnO3∕SrTiO3∕La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 junctions