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We report the in situ microscopy observation of an unnatural phase of Ni, a highly strained hexagonal close-packed (hcp) form which we believe is stabilized by heteroepitaxial growth on the (001) face of MgO. We find that the nanosized hcp nickel islands transform into the normal face-centered cubic structure when the size of the islands exceeds a critical value (about 2.5 nm thick with a lateral size of ∼ 5 nm∼5nm). The structural transition proceeds via a martensitic change in the stacking sequence of the close-packed planes. The formation of hcp Ni nanostructures with an unusually large crystallographic c/ac∕a ratio ( ∼ 6%∼6% larger than ideal hcp) is very interesting for spintronic and recording applications where large uniaxial anisotropies are desirable

Hexagonal close-packed Ni nanostructures grown on the (001) surface of MgO