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Measurements of the various plasma configurations produced by a planarmagnetized coaxial gun provide insight into the magnetic topology evolutionresulting from magnetic helicity injection. Important features of theexperiments are a very simple coaxial gun design so that all observedgeometrical complexity is due to the intrinsic physical dynamics rather thanthe source shape and use of a fast multiple-frame digital camera which providesdirect imaging of topologically complex shapes and dynamics. Three keyexperimental findings were obtained: (1) formation of an axial collimated jet[Hsu and Bellan, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 334, 257 (2002)] that is consistentwith a magnetohydrodynamic description of astrophysical jets, (2)identification of the kink instability when this jet satisfies theKruskal-Shafranov limit, and (3) the nonlinear properties of the kinkinstability providing a conversion of toroidal to poloidal flux as required forspheromak formation by a coaxial magnetized source [Hsu and Bellan, Phys. Rev.Lett. 90, 215002 (2003)]. A new interpretation is proposed for how the n=1central column instability provides flux amplification during spheromakformation and sustainment, and it is shown that jet collimation can occurwithin one rotation of the background poloidal field.Comment: Physics of Plasmas (accepted

On the jets, kinks, and spheromaks formed by a planar magnetized coaxial gun