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Transient responses of III-nitride photonic-crystal (PC) ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were measured by picosecond time-resolved electroluminescence (EL) spectroscopy. Triangular arrays of PCs with different diameters/periodicities were fabricated on 333nmUV LEDs for enhancing light extraction efficiency using electron-beam lithography and inductively coupled-plasma dry etching. With the incorporation of PCs on LEDs, the EL decay time constant τ decreases systematically with the increase of the etched sidewall area indicating the strong effect of the surface recombination. The surface recombination velocities on the p-type epitaxial surface and on the sidewall of etched holes on LEDs were determined to be 1.73×104cm∕s and 1.48×105cm∕s, respectively. The angular distribution of light emission from LEDs with PCs shows slight narrowing in far-field pattern. Because of the increased transient response along with enhanced light extraction, the incorporation of PCs in UV LEDs provide an effectiv...

Time-resolved electroluminescence studies of III-nitride ultraviolet photonic-crystal light-emitting diodes