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The following work treats Kottler's saltus problem of diffraction of electromagnetic waves emitted by a Hertzian oscillator source and the analogous Kirchhoff's scalar problem of waves emitted by a point source. The medium is a homogeneous isotropic dielectric. In the vector case a new exact solution of the basic integrals is presented, at axial points only, (a) behind a circular aperture in a ``black'' screen, and (b) behind its complementary ``black'' disk. The relative time‐averaged intensity of energy flow is plotted for the disk only. It is shown that the scalar theory predicts considerably larger values than the electromagnetic theory for identical geometrical dispositions.

Diffraction of Spherical Scalar and Vector Waves at Axial Points of a Circular Aperture and Disk