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The transport of ground-state hydrogen atoms in the expansion of a thermal hydrogen plasma created by a cascaded arc is studied by means of two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence. The low-dissociation degree measured at the source exit implies that H atoms flow in a H2 environment. It is shown that the H atom expansion pattern is in disagreement with the neutral gas supersonic expansion theory. Indeed the transport of H atoms in the plasma jet is strongly influenced by surface-recombination processes. Because of the large density gradients between the core of the jet and its surroundings induced by the recombination of H atoms at the reactor walls, hydrogen atoms diffuse out of the plasma jet in the course of the expansion. When the surface loss probability is high, i.e., the combination of a large wall-recombination probability with a long residence time, the losses of radicals by diffusion cannot be avoided even when the mass of the carrier gas is close to the mass of the radical.

Influence of surface chemistry on the transport of H atoms in a supersonic hydrogen plasma jet