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Single headed three dimensional (3D) laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) geometriesgenerally rely upon the use of three Doppler difference channels, inclined atdiffering angles with respect to the mechanical axes of the probe. Thetransformation between the nonorthogonal measurement coordinate system and theCartesian system can result in large errors in the calculated velocities. Atheoretical analysis of the geometrically induced uncertainties in measurementsproduced by four single headed 3D LDV configurations is presented. Theseconsiderations have lead to the development of a single headed fiber optic 3DLDV probe based on the use of two Doppler difference channels to directlymeasure the transverse velocity components, and a reference beam channel tomeasure the on axis velocity component. The f/4 probe head has a workingdistance of 200 mm, designed to operate within the constraints of the limitedoptical access available in turbomachinery applications

Design considerations for a three dimensional fiber optic laser Doppler velocimeter for turbomachinery applications